Section Article

AGRICULTURE AND THE ROLE OF CHEMISTRY IN REMOVING TOXIC METALS FROM SOIL: A PERSPECTIVE
Author(s): Dr. Nidhi Vashishtha

Abstract
Soil contamination by toxic metals has emerged as a significant threat to agricultural productivity environmental sustainability and human health. Metals such as lead cadmium arsenic and mercury accumulate in soil due to industrial effluents mining activities excessive use of chemical fertilizers and improper waste disposal practices. This contamination not only impairs crop quality but also poses serious risks through bioaccumulation in the food chain affecting both rural and urban populations. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the role of chemistry in mitigating soil toxicity and enhancing agricultural sustainability.The study draws on empirical research scientific journals government reports and case studies published prior to 2021 to examine chemical approaches for detoxifying soils. Techniques such as soil amendment chelation phytoremediation enhanced by chemical agents immobilization and chemical stabilization are explored. The research underscores that understanding the chemical interactions between toxic metals and soil constituents is crucial for developing effective remediation strategies.Empirical evidence suggests that chemical amendments including lime phosphates biochar and organic acids can reduce metal bioavailability immobilize contaminants and improve soil fertility. Chelating agents and chemical mobilizers enhance the efficiency of phytoextraction processes enabling plants to absorb and remove metals from contaminated soils. Additionally the study highlights the role of advanced chemical technologies such as nano-materials and ion-exchange resins in targeting specific metals and accelerating remediation processes.The research also examines challenges in applying chemical methods in agriculture including cost environmental side effects soil property alterations and long-term sustainability. Regulatory frameworks best management practices and integration with biological and mechanical remediation techniques are critical for effective implementation. Furthermore the study emphasizes the importance of farmer awareness training and policy support in adopting chemical remediation approaches to ensure food safety environmental protection and agricultural resilience.In conclusion the study highlights the pivotal role of chemistry in addressing soil toxicity and promoting sustainable agriculture. By combining scientific knowledge technological innovation and policy support chemical approaches can effectively mitigate toxic metal contamination enhance soil health and safeguard agricultural productivity. The findings provide insights for researchers agricultural practitioners and policymakers aiming to implement sustainable soil management strategies and reduce the risks associated with toxic metal accumulation in agricultural lands.