Section Article

CHALLENGES AND OBSTACLES OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
Author(s): Hansika Chopra

Abstract
Climate change poses a critical threat to agriculture in India which is highly dependent on monsoon patterns seasonal rainfall and regional climatic stability. Post-2021 studies indicate that the impact of climate change on agriculture is multifaceted affecting crop yields water availability soil fertility pest and disease prevalence and overall farm productivity. Sustainable agriculture practices have been proposed as a key strategy to mitigate these impacts while ensuring food security environmental conservation and resilience against climate-induced risks. This research paper examines the challenges and obstacles to implementing sustainable agriculture in India under the pressures of climate change. Drawing on recent studies government reports and empirical data it investigates factors such as erratic rainfall patterns extreme weather events soil degradation water scarcity and socio-economic constraints that hinder the adoption of sustainable practices. The paper further analyzes technological institutional and policy-related barriers including limited access to climate-resilient crop varieties lack of financial support inadequate extension services and poor infrastructure for irrigation and storage. Moreover it highlights the role of smallholder farmers land tenure issues and regional disparities in shaping the effectiveness of sustainable agricultural initiatives. By integrating climate models case studies and field data the study emphasizes the complex interplay between environmental socio-economic and policy factors providing comprehensive insights into challenges and potential solutions for promoting climate-resilient agriculture in India.