Section Article

Gandhi and Ambedkar: Divergent Approaches to Social Reform and Their Influence on Present-day India
Author(s): Jatin Kumar

Abstract
Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar two influential leaders in Indian history used divergent approaches to social change therefore significantly influencing modern India. Gandhi via his advocacy of nonviolence and moral elevation advocated for the advancement of the lower castes through social and spiritual methods promoting a peaceful integration of all socioeconomic strata. His strategy was based on the principle of Sarvodaya—the well-being of all—and attempted to promote harmony and social integration via moral and ethical improvement. Ambedkar in contrast was a strong proponent of social justice and legal reform emphasising the need for fundamental reforms in the structure and systems to tackle inequality based on caste. He focused his efforts on legal and political changes including as the creation of the Indian Constitution which aimed to provide equal rights and opportunity for marginalised populations. Ambedkars approach was far more extreme prioritising the need of implementing immediate and systematic reforms to remove the profoundly ingrained caste structure. This research analyses the conceptual and practical disparities between the methods of Gandhi and Ambedkar investigating the impact of their opposing ideologies on the social and political environment of contemporary India. Furthermore it evaluates their long-lasting influence on current matters of social justice caste prejudice and the pursuit of equality in India. The essay seeks to provide insights into the intricacies of social transformation and the persistent obstacles encountered by modern Indian society by comparing these two prominent personalities.