Section Article

INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
Author(s): Raj Kumar Vashishtha

Abstract
International environmental policy has emerged as a critical area of governance in response to growing concerns over climate change biodiversity loss resource depletion and pollution. The transboundary nature of environmental challenges necessitates global cooperation and the establishment of comprehensive frameworks to regulate activities that impact ecosystems human health and sustainable development. This research paper examines the evolution structure and effectiveness of international environmental policies treaties and agreements with particular emphasis on instruments such as the Kyoto Protocol Paris Agreement Convention on Biological Diversity and the Montreal Protocol. The study analyzes the mechanisms of compliance monitoring and enforcement within these frameworks evaluating how geopolitical economic and social factors influence policy implementation across different nations. Furthermore it explores the role of multilateral organizations non-governmental organizations and international advocacy networks in shaping environmental governance. Through comparative assessment the research identifies gaps challenges and opportunities for enhancing global environmental cooperation highlighting the interplay between policy design scientific knowledge and socio-political realities. The broader objective is to provide insights into strengthening international environmental governance for promoting sustainable development ecological integrity and equitable resource management.