Section Article

Judiciary and Social Justice: Evaluating Judicial Activism in India
Author(s): Anuj Thakur

Abstract
The judiciary in India has historically played a pivotal role in shaping the contours of social justice through its interpretation and application of constitutional principles. Particularly since the late 20th century judicial activism has emerged as a significant phenomenon that seeks to redress institutional failures and promote the rights of marginalized communities. While some hail judicial activism as an instrument of progressive reform and social empowerment others criticize it for undermining the separation of powers and judicial propriety. This paper evaluates the evolution scope and implications of judicial activism in India from a social justice perspective. It examines landmark cases institutional developments and doctrinal shifts that have contributed to the judiciary’s expanded role. Through a critical analysis the study aims to assess the normative and functional boundaries of judicial activism and its capacity to balance democratic accountability with equitable governance in a complex and pluralistic society.