Section Article

Public Health Policies and Pandemic Preparedness in Indian Cities
Author(s): Karan Kumar

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed vulnerabilities in public health systems worldwide particularly in rapidly urbanizing countries like India. Indian cities with their high population density inadequate health infrastructure and socio-economic disparities became hotspots for infection and mortality. The pandemic also underscored the importance of robust public health policies and preparedness mechanisms including disease surveillance healthcare infrastructure intergovernmental coordination and community engagement.